CentOS磁盘扩容
本文最后更新于 2024-02-29，文章内容可能已经过时。
在VMware中将虚拟机关机后，设置，点击扩展，填写自己需要的容量即可。
保存开机后输入df -h命令实际上并没有什么变化，仍需要执行以下操作：
执行命令：fdisk /dev/sda 根据图中的操作步骤n->p->3->默认->默认->w：
提示以下命令，说明操作执行成功。
WARNING: Re-reading the partition table failed with error 16: Device or resource busy. The kernel still uses the old table. The new table will be used at the next reboot or after you run partprobe(8) or kpartx(8) Syncing disks.执行命令：fdisk -l 此时sda3是我们刚增加的磁盘，sda2的id是83，需要改成8e,将system类型改成Linux LVM
执行命令：fdisk /dev/sda 根据图中的操作步骤：t ->3-->L->8e->w
执行命令：fdisk -l 此时sda3的id是8e,已将system类型改成Linux LVM
执行命令：reboot 重启虚拟机
Tips：执行mkfs.ext4 /dev/sda3命令时需要重启虚拟机。否则会提示一下错误。
执行命令：mkfs.ext4 /dev/sda3 将sda3的磁盘格式改为ext4
执行命令：pvcreate /dev/sda3 创建sda3 使用命令:pvdisplay可查看是否创建成功
执行命令：vgextend centos /dev/sda3 (这里要根据上图中VG Name来定义用vgextends，这里是centos那么我就用centos执行下面命令) 使用命令:pvdisplay可查看是否创建成功
执行命令：lvextend -L +9G /dev/mapper/centos-root 进行扩容,根据自己情况进行修改，如磁盘原有20G，增加到50G，此处应改成30G，而实际操作中应减少1G，否则会出现容量不足的错误。
执行命令：lvs 查看是否成功
执行命令：xfs_growfs /dev/mapper/centos-root
所有操作完毕：df -h 查看已扩容完成。如果看不到，可以尝试重启后查看。
附件：具体操作步骤展示：
[root@hdp1 ~]# df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on devtmpfs 475M 0 475M 0% /dev tmpfs 487M 0 487M 0% /dev/shm tmpfs 487M 7.6M 479M 2% /run tmpfs 487M 0 487M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup /dev/mapper/centos-root 17G 1.3G 16G 8% / /dev/sda1 1014M 139M 876M 14% /boot tmpfs 98M 0 98M 0% /run/user/0 [root@hdp1 ~]# fdisk /dev/sda Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2). Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them. Be careful before using the write command. Command (m for help): n Partition type: p primary (2 primary, 0 extended, 2 free) e extended Select (default p): p Partition number (3,4, default 3): 3 First sector (41943040-62914559, default 41943040): Using default value 41943040 Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (41943040-62914559, default 62914559): Using default value 62914559 Partition 3 of type Linux and of size 10 GiB is set Command (m for help): w The partition table has been altered! Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table. WARNING: Re-reading the partition table failed with error 16: Device or resource busy. The kernel still uses the old table. The new table will be used at the next reboot or after you run partprobe(8) or kpartx(8) Syncing disks. [root@hdp1 ~]# fdisk -l Disk /dev/sda: 32.2 GB, 32212254720 bytes, 62914560 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk label type: dos Disk identifier: 0x00092d85 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 2048 2099199 1048576 83 Linux /dev/sda2 2099200 41943039 19921920 8e Linux LVM /dev/sda3 41943040 62914559 10485760 83 Linux Disk /dev/mapper/centos-root: 18.2 GB, 18249416704 bytes, 35643392 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk /dev/mapper/centos-swap: 2147 MB, 2147483648 bytes, 4194304 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes [root@hdp1 ~]# fdisk /dev/sda Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2). Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them. Be careful before using the write command. Command (m for help): t Partition number (1-3, default 3): 3 Hex code (type L to list all codes): L 0 Empty 24 NEC DOS 81 Minix / old Lin bf Solaris 1 FAT12 27 Hidden NTFS Win 82 Linux swap / So c1 DRDOS/sec (FAT- 2 XENIX root 39 Plan 9 83 Linux c4 DRDOS/sec (FAT- 3 XENIX usr 3c PartitionMagic 84 OS/2 hidden C: c6 DRDOS/sec (FAT- 4 FAT16 <32M 40 Venix 80286 85 Linux extended c7 Syrinx 5 Extended 41 PPC PReP Boot 86 NTFS volume set da Non-FS data 6 FAT16 42 SFS 87 NTFS volume set db CP/M / CTOS / . 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT 4d QNX4.x 88 Linux plaintext de Dell Utility 8 AIX 4e QNX4.x 2nd part 8e Linux LVM df BootIt 9 AIX bootable 4f QNX4.x 3rd part 93 Amoeba e1 DOS access a OS/2 Boot Manag 50 OnTrack DM 94 Amoeba BBT e3 DOS R/O b W95 FAT32 51 OnTrack DM6 Aux 9f BSD/OS e4 SpeedStor c W95 FAT32 (LBA) 52 CP/M a0 IBM Thinkpad hi eb BeOS fs e W95 FAT16 (LBA) 53 OnTrack DM6 Aux a5 FreeBSD ee GPT f W95 Extd (LBA) 54 OnTrackDM6 a6 OpenBSD ef EFI (FAT-12/16/ 10 OPUS 55 EZ-Drive a7 NeXTSTEP f0 Linux/PA-RISC b 11 Hidden FAT12 56 Golden Bow a8 Darwin UFS f1 SpeedStor 12 Compaq diagnost 5c Priam Edisk a9 NetBSD f4 SpeedStor 14 Hidden FAT16 <3 61 SpeedStor ab Darwin boot f2 DOS secondary 16 Hidden FAT16 63 GNU HURD or Sys af HFS / HFS+ fb VMware VMFS 17 Hidden HPFS/NTF 64 Novell Netware b7 BSDI fs fc VMware VMKCORE 18 AST SmartSleep 65 Novell Netware b8 BSDI swap fd Linux raid auto 1b Hidden W95 FAT3 70 DiskSecure Mult bb Boot Wizard hid fe LANstep 1c Hidden W95 FAT3 75 PC/IX be Solaris boot ff BBT 1e Hidden W95 FAT1 80 Old Minix Hex code (type L to list all codes): 8e Changed type of partition 'Linux' to 'Linux LVM' Command (m for help): w The partition table has been altered! Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table. WARNING: Re-reading the partition table failed with error 16: Device or resource busy. The kernel still uses the old table. The new table will be used at the next reboot or after you run partprobe(8) or kpartx(8) Syncing disks. [root@hdp1 ~]# fdisk -l Disk /dev/sda: 32.2 GB, 32212254720 bytes, 62914560 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk label type: dos Disk identifier: 0x00092d85 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 2048 2099199 1048576 83 Linux /dev/sda2 2099200 41943039 19921920 8e Linux LVM /dev/sda3 41943040 62914559 10485760 8e Linux LVM Disk /dev/mapper/centos-root: 18.2 GB, 18249416704 bytes, 35643392 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk /dev/mapper/centos-swap: 2147 MB, 2147483648 bytes, 4194304 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes [root@hdp1 ~]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/sda3 mke2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013) Could not stat /dev/sda3 --- No such file or directory The device apparently does not exist; did you specify it correctly? [root@hdp1 ~]# reboot [root@hdp1 ~]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/sda3 mke2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013) Could not stat /dev/sda3 --- No such file or directory The device apparently does not exist; did you specify it correctly? [root@hdp1 ~]# reboot Last login: Thu Feb 29 07:25:26 2024 from 192.168.10.100 [root@hdp1 ~]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/sda3 mke2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013) Filesystem label= OS type: Linux Block size=4096 (log=2) Fragment size=4096 (log=2) Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks 655360 inodes, 2621440 blocks 131072 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user First data block=0 Maximum filesystem blocks=2151677952 80 block groups 32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group 8192 inodes per group Superblock backups stored on blocks: 32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632 Allocating group tables: done Writing inode tables: done Creating journal (32768 blocks): done Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done [root@hdp1 ~]# pvcreate /dev/sda3 WARNING: ext4 signature detected on /dev/sda3 at offset 1080. Wipe it? [y/n]: y Wiping ext4 signature on /dev/sda3. Physical volume "/dev/sda3" successfully created. [root@hdp1 ~]# vgextend centos /dev/sda3 Volume group "centos" successfully extended [root@hdp1 ~]# lvextend -L +9G /dev/mapper/centos-root Size of logical volume centos/root changed from <17.00 GiB (4351 extents) to <26.00 GiB (6655 extents). Logical volume centos/root successfully resized. [root@hdp1 ~]# lvs LV VG Attr LSize Pool Origin Data% Meta% Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert root centos -wi-ao---- <26.00g swap centos -wi-ao---- 2.00g [root@hdp1 ~]# xfs_growfs /dev/mapper/centos-root meta-data=/dev/mapper/centos-root isize=512 agcount=4, agsize=1113856 blks = sectsz=512 attr=2, projid32bit=1 = crc=1 finobt=0 spinodes=0 data = bsize=4096 blocks=4455424, imaxpct=25 = sunit=0 swidth=0 blks naming =version 2 bsize=4096 ascii-ci=0 ftype=1 log =internal bsize=4096 blocks=2560, version=2 = sectsz=512 sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1 realtime =none extsz=4096 blocks=0, rtextents=0 data blocks changed from 4455424 to 6814720 [root@hdp1 ~]# df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on devtmpfs 475M 0 475M 0% /dev tmpfs 487M 0 487M 0% /dev/shm tmpfs 487M 7.7M 479M 2% /run tmpfs 487M 0 487M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup /dev/mapper/centos-root 26G 1.3G 25G 5% / /dev/sda1 1014M 139M 876M 14% /boot tmpfs 98M 0 98M 0% /run/user/0
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